Author: David Jacobson

Even a century on, landing an aircraft is still considered by most as an art form. Can it be de-mystified?

The landing was something to be mastered through experience, intuition, and a fair bit of guesswork. But what if landing could be de-mystified from a stressful guessing game into a precise, repeatable skill, based on a universal, quantifiable and unassailable framework? Enter the Jacobson Flare, a revolutionary technique that leverages visual geometry and physics to eliminate uncertainty and deliver consistently smooth landings.

The Century-Old Problem: Guessing Height

Traditionally, pilots have relied on their perception and judgment to execute the landing flare—the critical moment just before touchdown when the nose is pulled up to soften the landing. This approach is inherently risky and inconsistent. The mathematics behind the glide path reveal a staggering one-to-twenty ratio: a one-foot vertical misjudgment translates into a twenty-foot error along the runway.

This means a tiny mistake in height estimation can result in overshooting the landing zone or a premature, jarring touchdown. Many flight schools still teach the “speed descent” method, which uses the elevators to control speed and engine power to manage descent rate. This creates an unstable, roller-coaster-like flight path, making precision nearly impossible.

Flipping the Approach: Path Descent and Stability

Finding a key to solving this problem is to reverse the conventional wisdom. Instead of controlling speed with the elevators, pilots must use this primary flight control to aim their eyes at a specific point on the runway, and lock in a stable three-degree glide path. Engine power is then used to maintain speed. This concept is certainly not new: airlines and defence forces have embraced it for years.

However, many civil flight training organisations still cling to their the dangerous mantra, ‘We’ve always done it this way’ The stable path approach is the foundation for the Jacobson Flare, ensuring the aircraft is perfectly positioned for the next steps.

“Fortuitously, my original Assistant/Chief Flying Instructor, Jim Noonan, first introduced me to this method back in 1965, at Civil Flying School, YMMB Moorabbin VIC. I utilised this method on every aircraft I ever flew, including sailplanes. Yes, sailplanes – gliders – still using the elevators to ‘fly my eyes’ towards the initial aim point 1 and the ‘air-brakes’ to control the airspeed. You see an aircraft simply reacts to an acceleration of a deceleration. Naturally, it cannot discern between reducing power, or increasing drag. And vice versa.

I felt vindicated, as the first two elements of the approach and landing started to become de-mystified for me – Where to aim and how to aim. Instinctively,  even at just 17 years of age, I had wanted to fly this way, but my first instructors wouldn’t permit me. They (and I) simply didn’t have the experience on much larger and faster airplanes to understand the requirements for a stable approach; or to realise that aiming with the elevators and controlling airspeed with power was equally relevant to light aircraft, when on powered approaches.”

The Geometry of the Flare: Erasing Guesswork

David Jacobson, a former Qantas captain with 55 years and 24,500 hours of flight and flight training experience, researched and introduced a game-changing concept: using the runway as a visible, calibrated ruler. He was inspired, as a seventeen-year-old, by the World War Two RAF 617 Sqn ‘Dambusters’, who used intersecting spotlight beams to provide two position lines, creating an accurate visual fix for the low-level delivery of 6-ton ‘skipping’ bombs from just 60 ft over still water at night. They also developed a simple Y-shaped bomb sight, again based on triangulation, to refine the bomb-aimers’ release point. Their targets were several large dams in Western Germany, which were heavily protected by steel nets suspended in the water – to eliminate the use of mines or torpedoes. In addition, anti-aircraft fire was a grave risk.  The Jacobson Flare applies similar and simple applied triangulation, using the airplane’s own cockpit geometry.

For a start, the first position line is the pilot’s standard -3º downward line of sight, aimed at a specific pre-calculated point on the runway, suitable for the size of the airplane and called aim point 1 (AP1). The bigger the airplane, the deeper along the runway this point must be, to assure proper threshold height clearance of the main landing gear – MLG, this being the lowest part of the airplane while on approach to land.

The second position line is an additional line of sight from the pilot’s eye, this time as a tangent, just glancing down the fixed lower visual cut-off angle of the airplane’s glareshield or dashboard, which blocks the pilot’s view over the nose, from the seat. This angle forms part of the design of the airplane cockpit. In older generations of aircraft, with analogue instrumentation, this angle is commonly of the order of -13º. Modern airplanes with digital instrumentation (known as EFIS – electronic flight instrumentation systems) tend to have lower visual angles of approximately 20º.

As the pilot flies down the ‘locked-in’ -3º glide path, the dashboard eventually eclipses a second longitudinal point on the runway, short of the aim point.  This called the flare cut-off point – FCoP. This point is pre-calculated (just once for each airplane type) from the manufacturer’s-recommended or operator-desired flare commencement height.

When the airplane glare shield advances along the runway, while the pilot continues to aim at aim point 1, the glareshield will ultimately overtake and eclipse  the FCoP, creating a definitive visual fix. This signals the exact moment to begin the flare, eliminating the need for vertical height estimation, and it’s inherent, long-overlooked mathematical 20:1 error . The whole process is quantifiable, mathematical, and clearly visible from the cockpit and absolutely assists in de-mystifying the landing manoeuvre.

Five Steps to Perfect Landings

Jacobson breaks the landing process into five sequential steps, replacing vague instructions with a universal system:

Where to Aim: Identifying the pre-calculated precise aim point 1 on the runway; Note: a point, not a vague area;

How to Aim: Flying a stable glide path using the elevators to aim your eyes and the throttle to control the airspeed.

When to Flare: Responding to the visual eclipse of the dashboard/glareshield over the flare cutoff point;

How Much to Flare: Adjusting pitch to focus on a new, second aim point, usually at the upwind threshold of the runway; and

How Fast to Flare: Execute the flare over four seconds for a smooth, exponential curve, while simultaneously coordinating an appropriate gentle reduction in power or thrust.

If any of these parameters are not met, the framework prioritises a go-around as a logical safety decision, rather than a last-minute panic manoeuvre.

The Four-Second Flare: Bending the Flight Path

Conventionally, the timing of the flare is crucial was never measured. By counting evenly to four seconds while easing the nose up, and commencing to reduce power or thrust, the pilot creates a perfect exponential curve in the vertical flight path. In the first second, the descent rate may be rapid, but as the pitch increases through seconds two and three, lift is generated, flattening the descent. By the fourth second, the wheels are dropping at just a few inches per second, easing to a gentle kiss, at touchdown. The maneuver is guided entirely by the pilot’s shifting visual aim point, ensuring safety and precision. Just as when throwing a ball, the aircraft politely follows the pilots line of sight.

Universal Precision: For Every Airplane

A common misconception is that this level of precision is only suitable for large commercial jets. In reality, the Jacobson Flare is universally applicable. Whether you’re a student pilot in a small Cessna or a seasoned captain landing an Airbus A380, the same mathematical principles apply. For student pilots, the technique reduces training time and costs by providing a repeatable relationship instead of a guessing game. For airline professionals, it enhances safety and consistency. For passengers, it means smoother, more comfortable landings every time. Finally, the landing is de-mystified.

The Elegant Simplicity of the Jacobson Flare

One pilot described the Jacobson Flare beautifully, as having “the elegant simplicity of the safety pin.” Following thirty-five years of aerodynamic research, Jacobson distilled a century-old problem into a brilliantly simple, universal and unassailable visual technique.

So, the next time you watch a plane approach the runway, visualise those intersecting lines, the eclipsing dashboard, and the four-second exponential curve through the flare. Landing is no longer a matter of feeling for the ground, while you’re wishing and hoping—it’s a precise execution of mathematical geometry. And the entire flight profile is fully visible to the pilot, like a real-world head-up display.

Final Thoughts

The Jacobson Flare represents a paradigm shift in aviation, turning landings into a safe and consistent skill, rather than either an art or a science. By leveraging visual geometry and physics, pilots can achieve unmatched precision, safety, consistency, confidence and comfort. Whether you’re in the cockpit or the passenger seat, understanding this technique changes your perspective on flying forever.

Wishing you many safe landings

Captain David M Jacobson FRAeS MAP

Would you care to experience that unsurpassed sense of accomplishment, derived from executing consistently beautiful landings, more often?

For starters, Download the FREE Jacobson Flare LITE pdf , our no fuss/no frills introduction. Here we demonstrate, step by step, the application of the Jacobson Flare on a typical grass airstrip at Porepunkah, YPOK.

We invite you to browse the consistently positive comments on our Testimonials page. Many pilots, of all levels of experience, have downloaded our Apps. Read about their own experiences with the Jacobson Flare technique and the App.

Then download the complete Jacobson Flare ESSENTIAL App – for iOS. You’re already possibly paying $300+/hour to hire an aeroplane: You’ll recover the cost of the app, in just ONE LESS-NEEDED CIRCUIT. Moreover, you’ll have an invaluable reference tool, throughout your entire life in aviation.

Download the Jacobson Flare ESSENTIAL App for iOS devices now.

We invite you, also, to review our new, FREE companion app,

offering a convenient way of staying abreast of our latest blogs.

Download the Jacobson Flare NEWS App for iOS devices now.

Revolutionising Aircraft Landing Techniques: The Advantages of the The Jacobson Flare:

The Jacobson Flare is a revolutionary, innovative and practical approach to aircraft landing training that transforms the execution of this critical manoeuvre. Traditionally, landing an airplane has been considered an art form, requiring years of experience to master.

However, the Jacobson Flare redefines this perception by introducing a logical, structured, and universally applicable technique. At once, this simplifies the landing process for pilots of all skill levels and aircraft types.

The heart of the matter

At its core, the Jacobson Flare provides a clear and quantifiable method for performing the landing flare manoeuvre. The technique revolves around the concept of a “longitudinal flare cutoff point” on the runway, which serves as a visual reference for the pilot.

Pilots can now determine the precise moment to initiate the flare, reducing reliance on subjective judgment, perception, and experience.This approach transforms landing into a skill that can be taught and learned systematically, enhancing the confidence of both novice and experienced pilots.

The advantages

One of the key advantages of the Jacobson Flare is its ability to minimise the impact of variable factors that traditionally complicate the landing process. For instance, runway slopes, widths, flap settings, and approach angles often create visual illusions that can affect a pilot’s perception of height and distance. The Jacobson Flare mitigates these challenges by providing a fixed visual reference—the flare cutoff point—that remains consistent regardless of these variables. This ensures a predictable and accurate landing, even in diverse conditions.

The technique also offers significant benefits in terms of standardisation and training. By providing a universal method for landing, the Jacobson Flare facilitates consistent practices across aviation organisations. This standardisation is particularly valuable in assessing evidence-based competency standards, which are increasingly vital in modern aviation.

Furthermore, the technique simplifies both elementary and advanced pilot training, reducing the time and costs associated with developing landing skills. Pilots can quickly adapt the method to different aircraft types, making it a portable and versatile tool throughout their careers.

Experienced pilots also benefit from the Jacobson Flare, especially when returning to flying after a period of leave or non-flying duties. The visual flare fix complements their existing skills, enabling them to achieve greater consistency in their landings. This consistency has practical implications, such as minimising runway occupancy times, optimising traffic flow, and reducing wear and tear on aircraft tires, brakes, and undercarriages.  These improvements contribute to enhanced operational efficiency and reduced maintenance costs.

The safety benefits

A380 landings with The Jacobson Flare

Safety is another critical advantage of the Jacobson Flare. By eliminating the need for guesswork and relying on a visible and predictable approach, the technique significantly reduces the likelihood of landing accidents. The risk of damage or loss of aircraft, or the injury (or worse) to their pilots and passengers, and the ensuing insurance claims, can be minimised. Pilots can execute the entire approach and landing manoeuvre with greater confidence and precision, enhancing overall flight safety.

Since its introduction in 1985, the Jacobson Flare has been adopted by hundreds of civil and military pilots across various aircraft types, from sailplanes and light airplanes to large jet transports. Its universal application and adaptability make it a valuable tool for the aviation industry. By addressing the differences between aircraft while embracing their similarities, the Jacobson Flare provides a comprehensive yet practical system of flight training that meets diverse operational requirements.

In conclusion

The Jacobson Flare is a groundbreaking technique that has redefined the art of landing an airplane. Its logical, consistent, and universal approach simplifies training, enhances safety, and improves operational efficiency. By providing a clear visual guide for pilots, the Jacobson Flare ensures predictable and precise landings, making it an indispensable tool for modern aviation. Its widespread adoption is a testament to its effectiveness and the significant benefits it offers to pilots and the industry as a whole.

Wishing you many safe landings

Captain David M Jacobson FRAeS MAP

Would you care to experience that unsurpassed sense of accomplishment, derived from executing consistently beautiful landings, more often?

For starters, Download the FREE Jacobson Flare LITE pdf , our no fuss/no frills introduction. Here we demonstrate, step by step, the application of the Jacobson Flare on a typical grass airstrip at Porepunkah, YPOK.

We invite you to browse the consistently positive comments on our Testimonials page. Many pilots, of all levels of experience, have downloaded our Apps. Read about their own experiences with the Jacobson Flare technique and the App.

Then download the complete Jacobson Flare ESSENTIAL App – for iOS. You’re already possibly paying $300+/hour to hire an aeroplane: You’ll recover the cost of the app, in just ONE LESS-NEEDED CIRCUIT. Moreover, you’ll have an invaluable reference tool, throughout your entire life in aviation.

Download the Jacobson Flare ESSENTIAL App for iOS devices now.

We invite you, also, to review our new, FREE companion app,

offering a convenient way of staying abreast of our latest blogs.

Download the Jacobson Flare NEWS App for iOS devices now.

Part 1 of this series discussed some of the issues with conventional landing training. This second part looks at what I did about improving the situation, for students and their instructors.

How it all began

The origins of the Jacobson Flare date back to 1965. When just a 17-year-old young student pilot, training at YMMB (Moorabbin, Victoria, Australia), I started questioning the traditional methods of landing an aircraft, taught by my first flight instructors.

Over 60 years later, I can still recall trying not to be a smart-ass, but being dismayed by having to rely on nothing better than trial-and-error practices. These, I learned, have been passed down, unchallenged since the end of World War I in 1918, by generations of flight instructors.

To this day, I still find it perplexing that pilots are taught what to do to land an aircraft but not how to do it, with any precision or consistency.

The Problems

Initially, I was taught to control airspeed by pitching the airplane with the elevators, while attempting to use power to control the rate of descent. While clearly necessary for a glide approach, it made no sense to me to use the secondary effects of both the elevator and throttle controls to fly the airplane, for a normal powered approach. For me, this generally led to a roller-coaster ride down final approach, with quite inconsistent landing results. Not surprising, with a pitch correction needing a power correction, followed by another pitch correction and so on. There is no stability.

The landing is the most precise manoeuvre that most pilots are ever required to execute. Yet then and later, my serious questions on ‘when to flare‘ were neither answered nor quantified. Most manuals regurgitate the old myths and misinformation.

Getting the ‘hang’ of the landing flare from a combination of guesswork, the ‘look‘, the ‘feel’, repetition, and luck has never made sense to me, whatsoever. I soloed at about 10 hours, but the initial methods that I was taught never sat well with me. They were and they remain non-intuitive and simply unintelligent.

Thankfully, a fine ex-RAF instructor, Jim Noonan, launched my CPL night flying training. In that initial process, he taught me how to aim my eyes at an appropriate aim point by pitching the airplane with the elevators and controlling airspeed with power. What a relief!

I wanted to do this, instinctively, from the start. Later, I learned that this is the technique taught by the airlines, our defence forces, and the more enlightened flying schools.

The Inspiration

My original inspiration for the Jacobson Flare came from an unlikely source, the celebrated 1956 British film ‘The Dam Busters’. The movie depicts the 1943 RAF 617 Squadron’s celebrated application of triangulation: Two precisely aimed converging spotlights and a simple, Y-shaped bomb sight resolved the problems of a low-flying attack over water, at night. As a then 9-year-old, I was enthralled.

One day in 1965, it suddenly clicked: My eye path to the aim point for the B23 Musketeer was a position line, as in navigation. A second position line, such as another one over the nose of the airplane to a point on the runway centreline, short of the aim point, would surely provide a visual fix for the flare point. This had to be better than relying on an educated guess of vertical flare height, which (again, I learned later) is flawed mathematically, to the power of +/- 20 times, along the runway, due to the shallow 3-degree path angle.

The concept of simple triangulation captured my imagination, but, of course, I had minimal flight experience back then. Certainly not enough to dream that my idea might actually work, let alone be universally adaptable to almost any airplane.

Handling the Hurdles

I was also yet to learn that, sadly, some key aviation figures, organisations, even universities are sometimes apathetic. So are airlines and airplane manufacturers. I believe that the approach and landing is the most neglected topic in the flight training syllabus, and the silence on this subject is deafening.

‘We’ve always done it this way’ or “No, thanks” are not arguments or reasons. They are simply lame excuses to avoid rational thinking.

Thankfully, I’ve succeeded in reaching thousands of pilots directly.

My professional career spanned five decades: Starting as a flight instructor in general aviation, I progressed through an exciting and  distinguished career with Trans-Australia Airlines (-TAA, later Australian Airlines -AAL). Flying various aircraft, including the F27, DC-9-30, and B727-100/-200, as a First Officer, I achieved commands later, on the F27, DC-9-30, and B737-300/-400. Following the 1992 merger of AAL with QANTAS Airways, I flew B737-300/-400/-800 aircraft as a Training Captain.

However, it was an earlier incident in 1978 that profoundly influenced my thinking about landing techniques. During a routine flight as a First Officer on a B727-100, a visual illusion at night caused me to misjudge the flare height, resulting in a firm landing. This experience underscored the need for a more precise and reliable method of landing.

Research and Development

By 1983, I was also instructing at the RAAF Point Cook Flying Club, where I rediscovered my passion for elementary flying training. In 1986, after I was appointed by TAA as a DC-9 Training Captain while still instructing concurrently on light aircraft. Then and for many years after, the crippling issues with conventional landing training became clearly apparent. Primarily, they are universal for any airplane type, from sailplanes to A380s and the industry is none the wiser.

It was at Point Cook in 1985 that my 1965 inspiration from ‘The Dam Busters’ resurfaced. This led to my serious research and development of a comprehensive approach and landing training technique, later to become known as the ‘Jacobson Flare.’

In November 1987, I presented my initial findings in a paper titled ‘Where to Flare?’ at the Australian Aviation Symposium in Canberra. This new, innovative technique was based on ‘simple, unassailable aerodynamic logic‘ and the use of triangulation to define a virtual eye path to touchdown. Unlike traditional methods, my innovative new technique eliminated the need to judge the height of an invisible side of a triangle, which varies for different aircraft types. Instead, it relies on visible and quantifiable cues, making the flare point predictable, consistent, and adaptable to virtually any aircraft that flares.

One of my airline colleagues, initially sceptical, stated, “This has the elegant simplicity of the safety pin.”

Moreover, many more pilots have described my technique as ‘quantifying what pilots have long been trying to do, by guesswork and repetition.’

The Jacobson Flare App for iOS

In 2012, I collaborated with Jamie Durrant, Director of Essentials Magazine and Multimedia, to create a new chapter in the Jacobson Flare story. Together, we developed the Jacobson Flare App for iOS, which was released in June 2014. The app provides a step-by-step guide to implementing the technique. The Jacobson Flare is easily accessible to pilots worldwide.

The app is praised for its design, functionality, and presentation. It has earned respect from thousands of pilots in over 80 countries. Recognised by industry leaders, the Jacobson Flare Pty Ltd was shortlisted as a finalist for the prestigious Innovation Awards of Aerospace Australia at the Avalon Airshow in 2015.

For the full stories behind this post, I invite you to click the following links: Captain DM Jacobson and The Jacobson Flare Story.

And please, do stay tuned for Part 3, which will highlight the unique advantages of the Jacobson Flare.

Wishing you many safe landings

Captain David M Jacobson FRAeS MAP

Would you care to experience ,more often, that unsurpassed sense of accomplishment, derived from executing consistently beautiful landings?

For starters, Download the FREE Jacobson Flare LITE pdf , our no fuss/no frills introduction. Here we demonstrate, step by step, the application of the Jacobson Flare on a typical grass airstrip at Porepunkah, YPOK.

We invite you to browse the consistently positive comments on our Testimonials page. Many pilots, of all levels of experience, have downloaded our Apps. Read about their own experiences with the Jacobson Flare technique and the App.

Then download the complete Jacobson Flare ESSENTIAL App – for iOS. You’re already possibly paying $300+/hour to hire an aeroplane: You’ll recover the cost of the app, in just ONE LESS-NEEDED CIRCUIT. Moreover, you’ll have an invaluable reference tool, throughout your entire life in aviation.

Download the Jacobson Flare ESSENTIAL App for iOS devices now.

We invite you, also, to review our new, FREE companion app,

offering a convenient way of staying abreast of our latest blogs.

Download the Jacobson Flare NEWS App for iOS devices now.

The Jacobson Flare App highlights several critical issues with conventional flight training practices, particularly concerning landing techniques.  These practices, widely accepted since 1918, have led to inconsistent and poor-quality landings; these primarily due to flawed methodologies and non-standardised training approaches.

Airspeed and Flight path control

One of the primary issues discussed is the reliance on elevators to control airspeed. This is only valid when power or thrust is fixed or entirely lost.  This method becomes ineffective for heavier and faster airplanes; often resulting in a roller coaster flight path, unstable approaches, and passenger discomfort.  Such instability greatly contributes to inconsistent landings, as pilots struggle to maintain a steady approach path angle and threshold crossing height.

Inconsistent training

Furthermore, the Jacobson Flare App critiques the inconsistency in training methods. Instructors may teach different techniques for visual and instrument approaches; despite the control requirements being the same for both.  This lack of standardisation confuses students and undermines their ability to execute proper landings.

Inconsistent Flare Initiation Height

The Jacobson Flare App also addresses the challenges pilots face during the flare phase of landing.  Conventionally, pilots rely on subjective judgment, perception, experimentation and experience to determine the flare height; which is invisible to the pilot.  This reliance on personal judgment leads to variability in landing quality, as these skills develop differently for each pilot and are influenced by external factors such as aircraft type and environmental conditions.  The inconsistency in flare height judgment results in unpredictable threshold crossing heights and haphazard landing outcomes.

Transitioning Elevator use 

Another critical issue is the transition in control philosophy during the flare phase.  Pilots trained to use elevators to control airspeed must suddenly then switch to the normal and necessary use of elevators to control the flight path angle during the flare.  This abrupt transition is illogical and adds unnecessary complexity during a critical phase of flight.

Historically Overlooked: the Twenty-fold Mathematical Error

Additionally, the standard approach angle of 3 degrees exacerbates vertical errors in height judgment, magnifying them twenty-fold along the runway.  This compounding effect further contributes to inconsistent touchdown positions and landing quality.

Common Errors

The Jacobson Flare App also highlights common errors made by student and licensed pilots who have been taught the conventional method. Pilots who are high and fast on final approach often pitch up, worsening the situation; while those who are low and slow pitch down, which is counterproductive, to say the least!  These responses stem from the misguided priority of controlling airspeed with elevators on a normal, powered approach, leading to compounded problems during landing.

Conventional Wisdom

The overarching critique of conventional practices is their failure to provide a standardised, logical, and adaptable approach to landing training.  The Jacobson Flare App argues that it is illogical to teach different techniques for visual flight rules (VFR) and instrument flight rules (IFR) students, as the airplane itself does not differentiate between these modes of operation.  Instead, the focus should be on the distinction between powered and glide approaches, which is the true determinant of control requirements.

Even official flight instructor manuals state that, “Many students have difficulty in mastering the approach and landing. This is a matter of judgement and there is no simple way of teaching judgement to those to whom it does not come easily.” In other words, it’s all based on guesswork and you’re on your own.

In Conclusion

The Jacobson Flare App emphasises the need for a simple alternative to the flawed conventional practices.  By addressing the inconsistencies in training methods, eliminating reliance on subjective judgment during the flare phase, and adopting a logical and standardised approach to flight path control, pilots can achieve more consistent and predictable landings.

This shift in training philosophy is essential for improving the quality and safety of landings across all types of aircraft and flight conditions.

Stay tuned for Part 2 of 2, coming shortly: ‘Are you frustrated, struggling towards first solo You needn’t be – there is a solution.’

Wishing you many safe landings

Captain David M Jacobson FRAeS MAP

Would you care to experience that unsurpassed sense of accomplishment, derived from executing consistently beautiful landings, more often?

For starters, Download the FREE Jacobson Flare LITE pdf , our no fuss/no frills introduction. Here we demonstrate, step by step, the application of the Jacobson Flare on a typical grass airstrip at Porepunkah, YPOK.

We invite you to browse the consistently positive comments on our Testimonials page. Many pilots, of all levels of experience, have downloaded our Apps. Read about their own experiences with the Jacobson Flare technique and the App.

Then download the complete Jacobson Flare ESSENTIAL App – for iOS. You’re already possibly paying $300+/hour to hire an aeroplane: You’ll recover the cost of the app, in just ONE LESS-NEEDED CIRCUIT. Moreover, you’ll have an invaluable reference tool, throughout your entire life in aviation.

Download the Jacobson Flare ESSENTIAL App for iOS devices now.

We invite you, also, to review our new, FREE companion app,

offering a convenient way of staying abreast of our latest blogs.

Download the Jacobson Flare NEWS App for iOS devices now.